Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a gas? [7g-1]
Close together and stationary
Close together and vibrating
Far apart and moving slowly
Very far apart and moving quickly
Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a solid?[7g-2]
Close together and stationary
Close together and vibrating
Far apart and moving slowly
Very far apart and moving quickly
Which of the following statements best describes the arrangement of particles in a liquid? [7g-3]
Close together and stationary
Far apart and vibrating
Close together and moving freely
Very far apart and moving quickly
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of water when it freezes? [7g-4]
They gain energy and break up into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen
They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of ice when it melts? [7g-5]
They gain energy and break up into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen,
They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of water when it boils? [7g-6]
They gain energy and increase their freedom to move without significant attraction
They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of water vapour when it condenses? [7g-7]
They gain energy and increase their freedom to move without significant attraction
They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
They lose energy and are closer and less free to move around
They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of water when it evaporates? [7g-8]
The higher kinetic energy particles increase their freedom to move without significant attraction
They gain energy and gain freedom to move about
They lose energy and escape into the atmosphere
They lose energy and lose freedom to move about
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a solid at 25oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-9]
-39oC and 354oC
119oC and 446oC
15oC and 126oC
-127oC and -33oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at 0oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-10]
-39oC and 354oC
119oC and 446oC
15oC and 126oC
-127oC and -33oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a gas at 0oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-11]
-39oC and 354oC
119oC and 446oC
15oC and 126oC
-127oC and -33oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at 30oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-12]
-39oC and 10oC
119oC and 446oC
15oC and 126oC
-127oC and -33oC
Air is in a bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes warmer, the pressure inside increases because the molecules of air? [7g-13]
become bigger
become smaller
move faster
move slower
Air is in a bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes cooler, the pressure inside decreases because the molecules of air? [7g-14]
become bigger
become smaller
move faster
move slower
When the air in a room becomes warmer a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes bigger because the molecules of air? [7g-15]
become bigger
become smaller
move faster
move slower
When the air in a room becomes cooler a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes smaller because the molecules of air? [7g-16]
become bigger
become smaller
move faster
move slower
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at 20 oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-17]
-142oC and -78oC
-95oC and 4oC
-66oC and 42oC
90oC and 189oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a solid at 20oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-18]
-142oC and -78oC
-95oC and 4oC
-66oC and 42oC
90oC and 189oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a gas at -60oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-19]
-142oC and -78oC
-95oC and 4oC
-66oC and 42oC
90oC and 189oC
The table shows the melting points and boiling points of some substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at -10oC and a gas at 10oC? [Substance] Melting Point oC and Boiling Point oC [7g-20]
-142oC and -78oC
-95oC and 4oC
-66oC and 42oC
90oC and 189oC
When water vapour in a cloud is gradually cooled, rainwater is formed. This change of state is called? [7g-21]
condensation
distillation
evaporation
saturation
Heat from the Sun changes water from liquid to a gas. This change of state is called? [7g-22]
condensation
distillation
evaporation
saturation
Gases diffuse because they? [7g-23]
are made of rapidly moving particles
have low boiling points and easily vapourise
have a low density
easily move as convection currents
Liquids and dissolved solids diffuse because they? [7g-24]
are made of moving particles
have low boiling points
have a low density
easily move as convection currents
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is a gas at 25oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-25]
mpt = -127oC, bpt = -33oC
mpt = -39oC, bpt = 354oC
mpt = 63oC, bpt = 760oC
mpt = 119oC, bpt = 446oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is a liquid at 25oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-26]
mpt = -127oC, bpt = -33oC
mpt = -39oC, bpt = 354oC
mpt = 63oC, bpt = 760oC
mpt = 119oC, bpt = 446oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is a solid at 100oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-27]
mpt = -127oC, bpt = -33oC
mpt = -39oC, bpt = 354oC
mpt = 63oC, bpt = 760oC
mpt = 119oC, bpt = 446oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is a solid at 100oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-28]
mpt = -127oC, bpt = -33oC
mpt = 99oC, bpt = 354oC
mpt = 19oC, bpt = 27oC
mpt = 101oC, bpt = 116oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable liquid to use in a thermometer that measures in the range 10oC to 90oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-29]
mpt = 0oC, bpt = 100oC
mpt = -200oC, bpt = 40oC
mpt = 20oC, bpt = 350oC
mpt = -110oC, bpt = 80oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable liquid to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -120oC to 20oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-30]
mpt = 0oC, bpt = 100oC
mpt = -200oC, bpt = 40oC
mpt = -40oC, bpt = 350oC
mpt = -110oC, bpt = 80oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -10oC to 105oC? [Substance A-D] Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-31]
mpt = 0oC, bpt = 100oC
mpt = -200oC, bpt = 40oC
mpt = -40oC, bpt = 350oC
mpt = -110oC, bpt = 80oC
The table below shows the melting points and boiling points of substances A to D. Which substance is suitable to use in a thermometer that measures in the range -4oC to 50oC? [Substance A-D], Melting point oC (mpt), Boiling Point oC (bpt) [7g-32]
mpt = 0oC, bpt = 100oC
mpt = -200oC, bpt = 40oC
mpt = 40oC, bpt = 350oC
mpt = -110oC, bpt = 80oC
Which of the following best explains why gases have a low density? [7g-33]
the gas particles are very small
the gas particles are far apart
gas particles move fast
the attractive forces between gas particles are very weak
Which of the following is a particle model of a gas? [7g-34]
Which of the following is a particle model of a liquid? [7g-35]
Which of the following is a particle model of a solid? [7g-36]
Water turning to a solid is called? [7g-37]
freezing
melting
boiling
condensing
Butter on a hot plate is seen to be? [7g-38]
freezing
melting
boiling
condensing
When water turns to steam it has been? [7g-39]
evaporating
melting
boiling
condensing
Which of these is a solid at room temperature? [7g-40]
petrol
oxygen
rock
water
Which of these is a liquid at room temperature? [7g-41]
air
oxygen
rock
petrol
Which of these is a gas at room temperature? [7g-42]
air
ice
rock
water
Which of these is a gas at room temperature? [7g-43]
sand
oxygen
rock
water
Which of these is a solid at room temperature? [7g-44]
petrol
oxygen
ice
helium
Which of these is a gas at room temperature? [7g-45]
sand
cream
petrol
helium
Which best describes sand at room temperature? [7g-46]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which describes carbon dioxide at room temperature? [7g-47]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which describes cooking oil at room temperature? [7g-48]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which describes a cream cake at room temperature? [7g-49]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which describes set concrete at room temperature? [7g-50]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which of A to D describes the smell of food at room temperature? [7g-51]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which of A to D describes petrol at room temperature? [7g-52]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which of A to D describes toothpaste at room temperature? [7g-53]
a solid
a gas
a liquid
difficult to classify simply as gas, liquid or solid
Which of the following is the opposite of freezing? [7g-54]
melting
boiling
condensing
evaporating
Which of the following is the opposite of condensing? [7g-55]
melting
boiling
freezing
dissolving
Which of the following is the opposite of melting? [7g-56]
condensing
boiling
freezing
evaporating
Which of the following is the opposite of boiling? [7g-57]
evaporating
melting
freezing
condensing
Which of the following is the opposite of evaporating? [7g-58]
condensing
boiling
freezing
melting
Which of the following is the opposite of condensing? [7g-59]
dissolving
evaporating
freezing
melting
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why liquids flow much more easily than solids? [7g-60]
liquid particles have more energy than solid particles
liquid particles are lighter than solid particles
liquid particle attractive forces are much weaker than solid particle attractive forces
liquid particles can change shape more easily than solid particles
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why some different liquids can easily and completely mix together? [7g-61]
liquid particles are very tiny
liquid particles can change shape very easily
liquid particles have lots of space between them
liquid particles have weak attractive forces and are free to move around
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why liquids or solids have a high density compared to gases? [7g-62]
there is little space between the strongly attracted liquid or solid particles
solid and liquid particles are heavier than gas particles
there are only very weak forces between gas particles
liquid or solid particles neatly fit together
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why most solids expand on heating? [7g-63]
there is little space between the particles
the particles vibrate more forcefully the higher the temperature
solid particles get bigger on heating
any trapped gas expands on heating
The word 'diffusion' means? [7g-64]
particles concentrating together
particles breaking apart
particles spreading around if free to move
particles gaining energy
Gas pressure is caused by? [7g-65]
gas particles expanding
gas particles hitting each other
gas particles gaining energy
gas particles hitting a container surface
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why gases are easily compressed? [7g-66]
gas particles have lots of space between them
gas particles are always hitting each other
gas particles have little energy
gas particles are easily squashed to a smaller shape
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why dust particles seem to 'dance' around at random when seen with a beam of sunlight? [7g-67]
they gain energy from the sunlight
the larger dust particles are being hit by lots of smaller air particles
the dust particles are hit by sunlight energy particles
the dust particles move due to warm air convection currents
The diagram shows an experiment using a light colourless gas (air) and a heavier brown coloured gas (bromine or nitrogen dioxide). After the cover is removed the gases spread around in the gas jars by a process called? [7g-68]
condensation
evaporation
diffusion
sedimentation
The diagram shows an experiment using a light colourless gas (air) and a heavier brown coloured gas (bromine or nitrogen dioxide). After the cover is removed the gases fully mix together because? [7g-69]
the gases have different densities (one is 'lighter' or 'heavier' than the other)
of convection currents in the air
the air can sink into the coloured gas and the coloured gas can float on air
all the gas particles can move around freely
The diagram shows an experiment using a light colourless gas (air) and a heavier brown coloured gas (bromine or nitrogen dioxide). After the cover is removed The gases can completely spread throughout the gas jars because? [7g-70]
gas particles are not strongly attracted and free to move at random in all directions
there are always convection currents in air
the air can sink into the coloured gas and the coloured gas can float on air
the gases have different densities (one is 'lighter' or 'heavier' than the other)
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why the gas pressure in a metal cylinder containing oxygen gas, increases if it is heated? [7g-71]
more gas particles are formed and so there are more particle hits on the container side
the gas particles gain energy and hit the side of the container harder and more often
the metal atoms of the container surface vibrate more strongly
the gas particles collide and hit each other more frequently
Which of the following best describes a GAS? [7g-72]
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, not easily compressed
fills container, definite shape, does not readily flow, low density
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why a thin wire snaps if too much weight is put on it? [7g-75]
the attractive forces between the particles of the wire are weakened by the weight
the attractive forces between the particles of the wire are no longer strong enough to match the weight
the particles of the wire get stretched and become too thin and weak to hold the weight
the particles of the wire lose energy and cannot attract each other anymore
MELTING is the state change from? [7g-76]
solid to liquid
liquid to solid
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
FREEZING is the state change from? [7g-77]
solid to liquid
liquid to solid
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
BOILING is the state change from? [7g-78]
solid to liquid
liquid to solid
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
CONDENSING is the state change from? [7g-79]
solid to liquid
liquid to solid
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
EVAPORATING is the state change from? [7g-80]
solid to liquid
liquid to solid
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-81]
X is melting between times t0 and t1
X is completely liquid between times t1 and t2
X is boiling between times t2 and t3
temperature TE1 is the melting point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-82]
X is all solid between times t0 and t1
X is completely liquid between times t1 and t2
X is boiling between times t2 and t3
temperature TE2 is the melting point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-83]
X is melting between times t0 and t1
X is melting between times t1 and t2
X is boiling between times t2 and t3
temperature TE2 is the melting point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-84]
X is boiling between times t4 and t5
X is melting between times t0 and t1
X is all liquid between times t2 and t3
temperature TE1 is the boiling point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-85]
X is boiling between times t4 and t5
X is all liquid between times t1 and t2
X is melting between times t2 and t3
temperature TE2 is the boiling point of X
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-86]
X is boiling between times t3 and t4
X is all liquid between times t1 and t2
X is melting between times t2 and t3
temperature TE1 is the boiling point of X
In winter freezing conditions can produce cracked milk bottles! In what way does water show UNUSUAL behaviour? [7g-87]
the ice expands on cooling
ice has a greater volume than liquid water
liquid water contracts on freezing to form ice
liquid water is less dense than ice
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature. Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-88]
expansion happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
on average the rail track will expand more in the summer than the winter
on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature. Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-89]
expansion happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
on average the gap will be smaller in the summer than the winter
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature. Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-90]
expansion happens when the steel atoms gain vibration energy
if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature. Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-91]
expansion happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
if no gap is made the rail can get longer becoming dangerously distorted
on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-92]
from time b to c, the wax is all solid
from time c to d, some wax is still liquid
the melting point of the wax is temperature T2
from time a to b, solid wax is forming
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-93]
from time b to c, the wax is all solid
from time c to d, some wax is still liquid
the melting point of the wax is temperature T3
from time a to b the wax is still all liquid
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-94]
from time b to c, the wax is changing state from liquid to solid
from time c to d, some wax is still liquid
the freezing point of the wax is temperature T1
from time a to b, the wax is starting to freeze
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-95]
from time b to c, the wax is all liquid
from time c to d, all the wax is solid
the freezing point of the wax is temperature T1
from time a to b, the wax is starting to freeze
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-96]
from time b to c, the wax is all liquid
from time c to d, the remaining liquid wax freezes
the freezing point of the wax is temperature T2
from time a to b, the wax is starting to freeze
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why the liquid in a glass thermometer expands with rise in temperature? [7g-97]
the liquid particles get bigger expanding the liquid
the glass particles gain more energy and push the liquid particles up the tube
the glass contracts forcing the liquid further up the tube
the liquid particles gain more energy and collide more forcefully
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-98]
X is all gas between times t4 and t5
X is completely liquid between times t1 and t2
X is boiling between times t2 and t3
temperature TE1 is the boiling point of X
In winter freezing conditions can produce cracked milk bottles. In what way does water show UNUSUAL behaviour? [7g-99]
the ice expands on cooling
ice has a lower density than liquid water
liquid water contracts on freezing to form ice
liquid water is less dense than ice
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature. Small gaps are left between each rail section to allow for changes in length. Which of the following is TRUE about the steel rails and change in temperature? [7g-100]
on average the rail track will contract more in the summer than the winter
if no gap is made the rail can get thinner or thicker without becoming dangerously distorted
contraction happens when the steel atoms lose vibration energy
on average the gap will be smaller in the winter than the summer
Which of the following does the particle picture represent? [7g-101]
gas mixture
liquid mixture
a solution
partly melted solid mixture
Which of the following state changes corresponds to sublimation? [7g-102]
solid to gas
liquid to gas
solid to liquid
liquid to vapour
Which of the following state changes corresponds to the opposite of sublimation? [7g-103]
gas to liquid
gas to solid
liquid to solid
vapour to liquid
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the melting state change of matter? [7g-104]
Y to X
X to Z
Z to X
Y to Z
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the evaporation or boiling state change of matter? [7g-105]
Y to X
X to Z
Z to X
Y to Z
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the condensing state change of matter? [7g-106]
Z to Y
X to Z
Z to X
X to Y
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the freezing state change of matter? [7g-107]
Z to Y
X to Z
Z to X
X to Y
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the subliming state change of matter? [7g-108]
Z to Y
X to Z
Y to Z
Y to X
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the opposite of subliming state change of matter? [7g-109]
Z to Y
X to Z
Y to Z
Y to X
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which is a gas? [7g-110]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which is a liquid? [7g-111]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which is a solid? [7g-112]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures, which description doesn't match a state of matter? [7g-113]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which corresponds to steam? [7g-114]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which corresponds to water? [7g-115]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which corresponds to ice? [7g-116]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Give the following particle model pictures and descriptions which doesn't correspond to a physical state of water? [7g-117]
fills container, takes shape of container, flows easily, low density, very easily compressed
definite volume, takes shape of container, flows easily, quite high density, not easily compressed
definite volume, definite shape, does not readily flow, high density, very difficult to compress
fills container, definite shape, doesn't flow easily, medium density, very easily compressed
Which of the following particle model descriptions matches air? [7g-118]
vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which of the following particle model descriptions matches seawater? [7g-119]
vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which of the following particle model descriptions matches limestone? [7g-120]
vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which of the following particle model descriptions doesn't match a physical state of petrol? [7g-121]
vibrating particles regularly arranged in fixed positions close together, strong force of attraction between particles which are unable to flow
particles free to move around but close together, weak force of attraction between particles which are able to flow
particles free to move around, very weak force of attraction between the widely spaced particles which are able to flow
particles can't move around but widely spaced, strong force of attraction between particles
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-122]
the volume decreases and the pressure increases
the particles are closer together
the particles move faster
there are more particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-123]
the volume decreases and the pressure stays the same
the particles are closer together
the particle speeds stay the same
there are more particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-124]
the volume decreases and the pressure increases
the particles get smaller
the particle speeds stay the same
there are more particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which is NOT TRUE when you compress a gas? [7g-125]
the volume decreases and the pressure increases
the particles stay the same size
the particle speeds stay the same
there are less particle collisions with the surface of the container
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-126]
diffusion cannot happen in solids because the particles don't have enough energy
diffusion is due to the random movement of particles from place to place
particles diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
diffusion is slower in liquids compared to gases because there are more collisions
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-127]
diffusion cannot happen in solids because there is no space for particles to pass each other
diffusion is due to the random vibration of particles from place to place
particles diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
diffusion is slower in liquids compared to gases because there are more collisions
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-128]
diffusion cannot happen in solids because there is no space for particles to pass each other
diffusion is due to the random movement of particles from place to place
particles diffuse from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration
diffusion is slower in liquids compared to gases because there are more collisions
Which statement is NOT TRUE about diffusion? [7g-129]
diffusion cannot happen in solids because there is no space for particles to pass each other
diffusion is due to the random movement of particles from place to place
particles diffuse from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
diffusion is faster in liquids compared to gases because the particle density is greater
Which of the following descriptions matches the word condensation ? [7g-130]
Droplets of water forming on a cold window
Puddles drying up in the sun
The smell of petrol around a garage
Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the following descriptions matches the word evaporation ? [7g-130]
Droplets of water forming on a cold window
Puddles drying up in the sun
The smell of petrol around a garage
Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the following descriptions matches the word diffusion ? [7g-132]
Droplets of water forming on a cold window
Puddles drying up in the sun
The smell of petrol around a garage
Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the following descriptions matches the word freezing ? [7g-133]
Droplets of water forming on a cold window
Puddles drying up in the sun
The smell of petrol around a garage
Solids forming at the bottom of a bottle of olive oil
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of melting? [7g-134]
the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of boiling? [7g-135]
the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of freezing? [7g-136]
the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
Which of the particle descriptions matches the state change of condensation? [7g-137]
the particles gain kinetic energy and vibrate more strongly until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free and move around
the particles gain kinetic energy and move around faster until they have enough energy to overcome the attractive forces and break free to become widely spaced
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together strongly in a regular arrangement
the particles lose kinetic energy, move around more slowly, when sufficient energy is lost the particles cling together quite strongly but are still free to move
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-138]
the particles collide with the container surface more frequently
the particles on average lose kinetic energy
the pressure remains the same
the particles keep the same average speed
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-139]
the particles become more widely spaced
the particles on average gain kinetic energy
the pressure remains the same
the particles keep the same average speed
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-140]
the particles become more widely spaced
the particles on average lose kinetic energy
the pressure increases
the particles keep the same average speed
When a gas is heated in a sealed container of constant volume, which of the following is TRUE? [7g-141]
the particles become more widely spaced
the particles on average lose kinetic energy
the pressure remains the same
the particles move faster
When illuminated dust particles are examined under a microscope they seem to dance around. Why is this? [7g-142]
the dust particles are unevenly hit by thousands of fast moving air molecules
the dust particles have less kinetic energy than air molecules
the dust particles are moving more slowly than air molecules
the dust particles are energised by the microscope lamp
Which of these does NOT provide good evidence for the movement of particles? [7g-143]
Brownian motion - illuminated dust particles dancing around when under a microscope
Steam from a kettle condenses on the nearest cold surface
A blue copper sulfate dropped into water produces a blue colour that spreads throughout the liquid without stirring
The smell of perfume can be detected across a room even if there appears to be no air movement
After the state change of melting which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-144]
No new substance is formed
The particles get bigger in size
The mass of the substance decreases
The particles have more energy, but retain the same arrangement
After the state change of boiling which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-145]
A new substance is formed
The particle size remains the same
The mass of the substance decreases
The particles have less energy, and a different arrangement
After the state change of freezing which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-146]
A new substance is formed
The particles get bigger/smaller in size
The mass of the substance remains the same
The particles have less energy, but retain the same arrangement
After the state change of condensing which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-147]
A new substance is formed
The particles get bigger in size
The mass of the substance increases
The particles have less energy, and have a different arrangement
Which of the following applies to glass? [7g-148]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to sugar? [7g-149]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to candle wax? [7g-150]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to paraffin? [7g-151]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to sea water? [7g-152]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to milk? [7g-153]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to carbon dioxide? [7g-154]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to methane at room temperature? [7g-155]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following applies to water at 1100C? [7g-156]
Very difficult to compress, diffusion of particles very difficult, strong forces between particles holds them close together in fixed vibrating positions with almost no free space
Very difficult to compress, slow diffusion of particles allowed, particles quite close together held by moderately strong forces, particles free to move around, little free space between particles
Very easy to compress, fast diffusion of particles possible, very weak attractive forces between the particles, particles widely spaced and free to move around rapidly
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the sublimation state change of matter? [7g-157]
Y to X
X to Z
Z to X
Y to Z
Which of the following particle model pictures correspond to the opposite of sublimation state change of matter? [7g-158]
Y to X
X to Y
Z to X
Z to Y
Which of the following describes Brownian motion? [7g-159]
under a microscope pollen grains suspended in water seem to dance around
smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
the spreading of perfume around a room
the smell of petrol in a filling station
Which of the following describes Brownian motion? [7g-160]
under a microscope smoke particles seem to dance around in air
smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
the spreading of perfume around a room
the smell of petrol in a filling station
Which of the following is NOT an example of diffusion? [7g-161]
under a microscope smoke particles seem to dance around in air
smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
the spreading of perfume around a room
the smell of petrol in a filling station
Which of the following is NOT an example of diffusion? [7g-162]
under a microscope pollen grains suspended in water seem to dance around
smelling wood smoke well away from the fire
the spreading of perfume around a room
the smell of petrol in a filling station
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of melting? [7g-163]
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of boiling? [7g-164]
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of evaporating? [7g-165]
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of subliming? [7g-166]
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of freezing? [7g-167]
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
In terms of energy or mass changes, what is happening to a substance when it undergoes the state change of condensing? [7g-168]
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass increases
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass decreases
thermal energy is absorbed (taken in) and the overall mass is unchanged
thermal energy is lost (given out) and the overall mass is unchanged
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, vibrating particles, unable to move around, gain enough kinetic energy to weaken the forces holding the particles together, and allow them to break free and move around freely, but close together"? [7g-169]
melting
boiling
condensation
freezing
sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, freely moving particles, close together, gain enough kinetic energy and move faster to weaken the forces holding the particles together, and break free from these forces and move around freely, but widely spaced"? [7g-170]
melting
boiling
condensation
freezing
sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, widely spaced freely moving particles lose enough kinetic energy to strengthen the forces attracting the particles closer together, but still free to move around"? [7g-171]
melting
boiling
condensation
freezing
sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, closely spaced freely moving particles lose enough kinetic energy to strengthen the forces attracting the particles even closer together and are no longer free to move around due to the strong inter-particle forces"? [7g-172]
melting
boiling
condensation
freezing
sublimation
Which of the following matches "at a certain temperature, vibrating particles close together unable to freely move around, gain enough kinetic energy to weaken the forces holding the particles together, and break free to move around at random, but widely spaced"? [7g-173]
melting
boiling
condensation
freezing
sublimation
Which of the following is the most difficult to compress? [7g-174]
gas
liquid
solid
Which of the following is the least difficult to compress? [7g-175]
gas
liquid
solid
Which of the following is the least difficult to compress? [7g-176]
air
water
stone
paraffin
Which of the following is the most difficult to compress? [7g-177]
air
water
stone
petrol
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the most in volume? [7g-178]
air
water
stone
paraffin
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the least in volume? [7g-179]
air
water
stone
paraffin
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the most in volume? [7g-180]
carbon dioxide
petrol
steel
mercury
For the same temperature rise, which of the following will expand the least in volume? [7g-181]
carbon dioxide
petrol
steel
mercury
When the air in a room becomes warmer a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes larger in size because the molecules of air? [7g-182]
become bigger with increased kinetic energy
become smaller with less kinetic energy
move faster and gain kinetic energy
move slower and lose kinetic energy
When the air in a room becomes cooler a hanging balloon blown up with air becomes smaller in size because the molecules of air? [7g-183]
become bigger with increased kinetic energy
become smaller with decreased kinetic energy
move faster with increased kinetic energy
move slower with decreased kinetic energy
When the air in a room becomes warmer, an inflated hanging balloon becomes larger, so, which of the following is TRUE about the situation? [7g-184]
the air molecules inside the balloon become larger than those outside the balloon
the air molecules inside the balloon have more kinetic energy than those air molecules outside it
the pressure of air inside the balloon increases and its density decreases
the pressure of air outside the balloon decreases and its density increases
When the air in a room becomes cooler, a hanging inflated balloon becomes smaller, so, which of the following is TRUE about the situation? [7g-185]
the air molecules outside the balloon become smaller than those inside the balloon
the air molecules inside the balloon have less kinetic energy than those air molecules outside it
the pressure of air outside the balloon decreases and its density decreases
the pressure of air inside the balloon decreases and its density increases
[7g-186] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with less kinetic energy
higher kinetic energy particles, vibrating faster, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of lesser vibrational kinetic energy
thermal conduction of heat energy continues until all the particles in a system attain the same temperature with the same average kinetic energy
the higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate, the greater the vibrational energy of the particles
[7g-187] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with greater kinetic energy
lower kinetic energy particles, vibrating slower, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of greater vibrational kinetic energy
thermal conduction of heat energy continues until all the particles in a system attain the same temperature with the same average kinetic energy
the higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate, the greater the vibrational energy of the particles
[7g-188] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with greater kinetic energy
higher kinetic energy particles, vibrating faster, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of lesser vibrational kinetic energy
thermal conduction of heat energy never stops because the particles never stop vibrating
the higher the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate, the greater the vibrational energy of the particles
[7g-189] Which of the following is NOT true concerning the condition of heat energy in solids? (particles can mean atoms, ions or molecules)
when a solid is heated, the particles vibrate faster with greater kinetic energy
higher kinetic energy particles, vibrating faster, transfer energy to neighbouring particles of lesser vibrational kinetic energy
thermal conduction of heat energy continues until all the particles in a system attain the same temperature with the same average kinetic energy
the lower the temperature, the faster the particles vibrate with less vibrational energy
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-190]
Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state only at a fixed temperature.
Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, both at the surface and in the bulk liquid
Condensation can take place at range of temperature between above the melting point and below the boiling point.
Boiling takes place at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-191]
Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only at a liquid surface over a range of temperature from above the melting point to below the boiling point.
Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only from the surface over a range of temperatures.
Condensation can take place at range of temperature between above the melting point and below the boiling point.
Boiling takes place at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-192]
Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only at a liquid surface over a range of temperature from above the melting point to below the boiling point.
Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, both at the surface and in the bulk liquid
Condensation can only take place at a temperature just below the boiling point.
Boiling takes place at a fixed temperature at a given pressure.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the state changes between the liquid and gaseous states of matter of a substance? [7g-193]
Evaporation means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, but only at a liquid surface over a range of temperature from the melting point to the boiling point.
Boiling means molecules change from a liquid state to a gaseous state, both at the surface and in the bulk liquid
Condensation can take place at range of temperature between above the melting point and below the boiling point.
Boiling takes place over a range of temperatures as the liquid is heated up.
Doc Brown's Science-Chemistry Quiz 7G PARTICLE MODELS - properties of gases,
liquids, solids and explaining state changes for AQA, Edexcel and OCR pre-gcse
courses
KS3 science online KS3 chemistry
practice revision questions for KS3 chemistry unit tests
or summer exam papers up to higher level KS3 science
chemistry for AQA KS3 science-chemistry courses and
Edexcel and OCR KS3 science-chemistry courses QUIZ 7G
Particle model of solids, liquids and gases Questions on the
explaining the properties of gases, liquids and solids using particle models and
explaining state changes boiling melting condensation freezing, interpreting a
heating graph and cooling curve graph energy changes, using the particle model
to explain changes in pressure by increasing temperature, explaining changes in
pressure when volume is decreased US grade 6 science US grade 7 science US
grade 8 science using particle models to explain changes of state KS3 science practice exam questions for AQA
KS3 chemistry, Edexcel KS3 chemistry and OCR KS3 chemistry KS3 science
courses
Which of the following best describes what happens to the particles of water when it freezes? [7g-4]
Air is in a bottle with a tight screw-top. When the bottle becomes warmer, the pressure inside increases because the molecules of air? [7g-13]
Water turning to a solid is called? [7g-37]
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why some different liquids can easily and completely mix together? [7g-61]
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why most solids expand on heating? [7g-63]
Which of the following best EXPLAINS why a thin wire snaps if too much weight is put on it? [7g-75]
Starting with the solid, the graph shows the results of measuring the temperature of substance X as it was heated from a low to a high temperature. Which of the following is TRUE? [7g-81]
In winter freezing conditions can produce cracked milk bottles!
Problems can arise with railway steel track from changes in temperature.
The graph shows the results of monitoring a hot liquid pure wax as it slowly cooled to room temperature. Which of the following can you deduce from the results? [7g-92]
Which of the following does the particle picture represent? [7g-101]
After the state change of freezing which of the following statements is TRUE? [7g-146]
