Advanced Organic Chemistry: Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of bromomethane CH3Br

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Interpreting the 13C NMR spectrum of bromomethane (methyl bromide)

[Author ©  Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 & AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy of bromomethane [updated Mar 20th 2026 *]

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 C-13 NMR spectroscopy - spectra index

Introductory note on the 13C NMR spectrum of bromomethane

Students and teachers please note that my explanation of the carbon-13 NMR spectrum of bromomethane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

The description does not involve the chemical shift δ spin-spin coupling effects for bromomethane and the relative size of the carbon-13 NMR shifts does not give the ratio of the carbon atoms in the different non-equivalent chemical environments of the bromomethane molecule.

The most common solvent used for investigating the C13 NMR spectrum of compounds like bromomethane, is CDCl3 and other deuterated solvents.

CH3Br C-13 nmr spectrum of bromomethane analysis of chemical shifts ppm interpretation of 13C chemical shifts ppm of methyl bromide C13 13-C nmr doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose 13C atoms are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 13C NMR spectroscopy and all other 13C resonances, called chemical shifts, are measured with respect to the TMS, and depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the 13C atoms in an organic molecule - bromomethane here.

Bromomethane, CH3Br (methyl bromide)

The molecular structure and naming of haloalkanes

Interpreting the C-13 NMR spectrum of bromomethane

As you can see from the diagram above there is only one chemical shift line in the C-13 NMR spectrum of bromomethane indicating just one chemical environment of the carbon atom.

The carbon-13 NMR spectra a provides direct evidence of only one carbon atom environments for the single carbon atom in the bromomethane molecule, deduced from the presence of only one 13C chemical shift (ppm).

Comparing the 1H and 13C NMR chemical shift of bromomethane with other halogen compounds

(1) Comparing monosubstituted halogen derivatives of methane
Compound fluoromethane chloromethane bromomethane iodomethane methane
Formula CH3F CH3Cl CH3Br CH3I CH4
1H chemical shift/ppm 4.10 3.05 2.68 2.16 0.23
13C chemical shift/ppm 74.7 28.7 10.2 -24.0 -
Pauling electronegativity F   4.0 Cl   3.0 Br   2.8 I   2.5 H   2.1

With the increase in electronegativity of the halogen, the 1H or 13C NMR chemical shift for these molecules steadily increases.

(2) Comparing the effects of increasing halogen substitution of methane

Comparing the effect of polysubstitution of methane with chlorine.
Compound methane chloromethane

bromomethane

 dichloromethane

dibromomethane

 trichloromethane

tribromomethane

 tetrachloromethane

tetrabromomethane
Formula CH4 CH3Cl

CH3Br

 CH2Cl2

CH2Br2

 CHCl3

CHBr3

 CCl4

CBr4
1H chemical shift/ppm 0.23 3.05

2.68

 5.30

4.95

 7.26

6.83

 -

-
13C chemical shift/ppm - -

-

 53.5

19.2

 77.2

9.74

 96.1

-29.7

With increase in halogen substitution, the 1H and 13 C NMR chemical shift is increased.

Increasing the number of atoms more electronegative than carbon or hydrogen, increases the 1H or 13C NMR chemical shift.

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The infrared spectrum of bromomethane

The mass spectrum of bromomethane

The H-1 NMR spectrum of bromomethane

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