Advanced Organic Chemistry: Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of chloroethane CH3CH2Cl

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Interpreting & explaining the 13C NMR spectrum of chloroethane CH3CH2Cl

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy analysis of chloroethane [spectra page updated Mar 22nd 2026 *]

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 C-13 NMR spectroscopy - spectra index

Introductory note on the 13C NMR spectrum of chloroethane

Students and teachers please note that my explanation of the carbon-13 NMR spectrum of chloroethane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

The description does not involve the chemical shift δ spin-spin coupling effects for chloroethane and the relative size of the carbon-13 NMR shifts does not give the ratio of the carbon atoms in the different non-equivalent chemical environments of the chloroethane molecule.

The most common solvent used for investigating the C13 NMR spectrum of compounds like chloroethane, is CDCl3 and other deuterated solvents.

C2H5Cl CH3CH2Cl C-13 nmr spectrum of chloroethane analysis of chemical shifts ppm interpretation of 13C chemical shifts ppm of ethyl chloride C13 13-C nmr doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose 13C atoms are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 13C NMR spectroscopy and all other 13C resonances, called chemical shifts, are measured with respect to the TMS, and depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the 13C atoms in an organic molecule - chloroethane here.

chloroethane   CH3CH2Cl   CH3-CH2-Cl

Interpreting the C-13 NMR spectrum of chloroethane

As you can see from the diagram above there are 2 different chemical shift lines in the C-13 NMR spectrum of chloroethane indicating 2 different chemical environments of the 2 carbon atoms of chloroethane.

CH3CH2Cl

(Note the 2 different colours indicating the 2 different chemical environments of the carbon atoms in chloroethane).

13C chemical shifts (a) and (b) on the C-13 NMR spectrum diagram for chloroethane.

Note the decreasing effect on the 13C chemical shift as the carbon atom is further from the more electronegative chlorine atom of chloroethane.

The carbon-13 NMR spectra provides direct evidence of 2 different carbon atom environments for the 2 carbon atoms in the chloroethane molecule, deduced from the presence of 2 different 13C chemical shifts (ppm).

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The infrared spectrum of chloroethane

The mass spectrum of chloroethane

The H-1 NMR spectrum of chloroethane

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