ethoxyethane low high resolution H-1 proton nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane analysis interpretation of chemical shifts ppm spin spin line splitting diagram of diethyl ether doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

Advanced Organic Chemistry: 1H NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃

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Interpreting the H-1 (proton) NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane (diethyl ether)

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H-1 proton NMR spectroscopy - spectra index

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Introductory note on the 1H NMR spectra of ethoxyethane

Students and teachers please note my explanation of the proton NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

The chemical shift δ splitting pattern effects for ethoxyethane are confined to a proton spin-spin coupling effects analysed using the n+1 rule for adjacent non-equivalent proton fields (n is the number of neighbouring protons in a non-equivalent different chemical environment for the ethoxyethane molecule).

It is assumed that the integrated intensities of the ¹H NMR δ chemical shifts give the ratio of the protons in the different non-equivalent chemical environments of the ethoxyethane molecule.

The most common solvent used for investigating the 1H NMR spectrum of compounds like ethoxyethane, is CDCl₃ and other deuterated solvents to avoid confusion with a ¹H NMR signal, ²D (²H) has a different NMR chemical shift.

low and high resolution H-1 proton nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane analysis interpretation of chemical shifts ppm spin spin line splitting diagram of diethyl ether doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH₃)₄, whose protons are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in ¹H NMR spectroscopy and all other proton shifts, called chemical shifts, depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the hydrogen atoms in an organic molecule - ethoxyethane here.

The chemical shifts quoted in ppm on the diagram of the H-1 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane represent the peaks of the intensity of the chemical shifts of (which are often groups of split lines at high resolution) AND the relative integrated areas under the peaks gives you the ratio of protons in the different chemical environments of the ethoxyethane molecule.

Ethoxyethane C₄H₁₀O, , , aliphatic ether

The molecular structure and naming of aliphatic alcohols and ethers
Interpreting the H-1 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane (diethyl ether)

For relatively simple molecules, the low resolution H-1 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane is a good starting point.

The hydrogen atoms (protons) of ethoxyethane occupy 2 different 1H chemical environments so that the H-1 proton low resolution NMR spectra should show two ¹H peaks (diagram above).

CH₃CH₂OCH₂CH₃

(note the ratio of the 2 colours of the protons in ethoxyethane, 6 : 4 or 3 : 2)

So, although there are 10 hydrogen atoms in the molecule there are only 2 possible chemical environment for the hydrogen atoms.

The proton ratio observed 3 : 2, corresponds with the structural formula of ethoxyethane with ten protons in the symmetrical ether molecule (6 : 4 proton ratio in molecule).

The high resolution spectrum of ethoxyethane is far more complex.

So, applying the n+1 rule:

(a) At the chemical shift of 1.21, the CH₃ protons are split into a 1 : 2 : 1 triplet by the adjacent CH₂ protons.

This is evidence for the presence of a CH₂ group in the ethoxyethane molecule.

(b) At the chemical shift of 3.47, the CH₂ protons are split into a 1 : 3 : 3 : 1 quartet by the adjacent CH₃ protons.

This is evidence of a CH₃ group in the ethoxyethane molecule.

Protons on carbon atoms which are attached to the very electronegative oxygen atom tend to give higher value 1H chemical shifts.

The splitting pattern from proton spin-spin coupling effects is analysed using the n+1 rule for adjacent non-equivalent proton fields (n is the number of neighbouring protons in a non-equivalent different chemical environment).

Number of protons ¹H causing splitting	Splitting pattern produced from the n+1 rule and the theoretical ratio of line intensities
0 means no splitting							1
1 creates a doublet						1		1
2 creates a triplet					1		2		1
3 creates a quartet				1		3		3		1
4 creates a quintet			1		4		6		4		1
5 creates a sextet		1		5		10		10		5		1
6 creates a septet	1		6		15		20		15		6		1

Key words & phrases: Interpreting the proton H-1 NMR spectra of ethoxyethane, low resolution & high resolution proton nmr spectra of ethoxyethane, H-1 nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane, understanding the hydrogen-1 nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane, explaining the line splitting patterns in the high resolution H-1 nmr spectra of ethoxyethane, revising the H-1 nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane, proton nmr of ethoxyethane, ppm chemical shifts of the H-1 nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane, explaining and analyzing spin spin line splitting in the H-1 nmr spectrum, how to construct the diagram of the H-1 nmr spectrum of ethoxyethane, how to work out the number of chemically different protons in the structure of the ethoxyethane organic molecule, how to analyse the chemical shifts in the hydrogen-1 H-1 proton NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane diethyl ether How do you interpret the H-1 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 How to interpret the H-1 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 Explanatory diagram of the chemical shifts of the 1H H-1 proton NMR spectrum of the ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 molecule in terms of its molecular structure. Listing data of all the chemical shift peaks in ppm in the proton NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3. How to explain the H-1 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3. The chemical shifts and integrated values of the proton ratios in the 1-H NMR spectrum of the ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 molecule. How to work out the molecular structure of the ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 molecule from its proton NMR spectrum. The uses and distinctive features of the proton NMR spectrum of the ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 molecule explained. What does the H-1 proton NMR spectrum chemical shifts tell us about the structure and properties of the ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3 molecule? explaining the spin-spin proton coupling effects in the 1H NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3. interpretation diagram explaining the proton splitting pattern produced from the n+1 rule and the theoretical ratio of chemical shift and values of intensities for the proton NMR spectrum lines of ethoxyethane CH3CH2OCH2CH3

Associated links

Infrared spectrum of ethoxyethane (diethyl ether)

The mass spectrum of ethoxyethane (diethyl ether)

The C-13 NMR spectrum of ethoxyethane

H-1 proton NMR spectroscopy index (Please read 8 points at the top of the ¹H NMR index page)

ALL SPECTROSCOPY INDEXES

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