Advanced Organic Chemistry: Carbon-13 NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane CH3OCH2CH2CH3

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Interpreting and explaining the 13C NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane

[Author © Dr Phil Brown PhD: Doc Brown's advanced level organic chemistry exam revision notes suitable for students of UK A level chemistry courses & US K12 grade 11, grade 12 and AP honors chemistry courses: Molecular spectroscopy analysis of 1-methoxypropane (13C NMR spectra) [spectra page updated April 1st 2026 *]

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Introductory note on the 13C NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane

Students and teachers please note that my explanation of the carbon-13 NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane is designed for advanced, but pre-university, chemistry courses.

The description does not involve the chemical shift δ spin-spin coupling effects for 1-methoxypropane and the relative size of the carbon-13 NMR shifts does not give the ratio of the carbon atoms in the different non-equivalent chemical environments of the 1-methoxypropane molecule.

The most common solvent used for investigating the 13C NMR spectrum of compounds like 1-methoxypropane, is CDCl3 and other deuterated solvents.

13C nmr spectrum of 1-methoxypropane C4H10O CH3OCH2CH2CH3 analysis of chemical shifts ppm interpretation of C-13 chemical shifts ppm of methyl propyl ether C13 13-C nmr doc brown's advanced organic chemistry revision notes 

TMS is the acronym for tetramethylsilane, formula Si(CH3)4, whose 13C atoms are arbitrarily given a chemical shift of 0.0 ppm. This is the 'standard' in 13C NMR spectroscopy and all other 13C resonances, called chemical shifts, are measured with respect to the TMS, and depend on the individual (electronic) chemical environment of the 13C atoms in an organic molecule - 1-methoxypropane here.

1-methoxypropane   C4H10O   alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b   alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b   alcohols and ether structure and naming (c) doc b

The molecular structure and naming of aliphatic alcohols and isomeric ethers

Interpreting the C-13 NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane

As you can see from the diagram above there are 4 different 13C  chemical shift lines in the C-13 NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane indicating 4 different chemical environments of the 4 carbon atoms of 1-methoxypropane.

CH3OCH2CH2CH3

(Note the 4 different colours indicating the 4 different chemical environments of the 4 carbon atoms in 1-methoxypropane).

13C chemical shifts (a) to (d) on the C-13 NMR spectrum diagram for 1-methoxypropane.

Note the decreasing effect on the 13C chemical shift as the carbon atom is further from the more electronegative oxygen atom in 1-methoxypropane.

The carbon-13 NMR spectra provides direct evidence of 4 different carbon atom environments for the 4 carbon atoms in the 1-methoxypropane molecule, deduced from the presence of 4 different 13C NMR chemical shifts (ppm).


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Links associated with 1-methoxypropane

The infrared spectrum of 1-methoxypropane (methyl propyl ether)

The mass spectrum of 1-methoxypropane (methyl propyl ether)

The H-1 NMR spectrum of 1-methoxypropane (methyl propyl ether)

C-13 NMR spectroscopy index

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